Also called Dharmaraja, Ajatashatru, Kanka.

Yudhishthira

युधिष्ठिर

The eldest Pandava, called the king of dharma, who gambles away his brothers, his wife and himself without anyone forcing his hand.

Appears in

  • The birth of the Kuru princes — A blind heir, a pale one and a renunciant's vow leave the succession contested before any of the cousins can walk.
  • The house of lac — A guest house built to burn: the first attempt on the Pandavas' lives, and the escape that lets them be thought dead.
  • The Rajasuya sacrifice — Yudhishthira's consecration as emperor — the height of the Pandavas' fortune, and the sight that decides Duryodhana to act.
  • The game of dice — A king who cannot refuse a challenge plays against a loaded opponent, and stakes his brothers, his wife and himself.
  • Draupadi in the assembly — Dragged into a full court, the queen puts a question of law to the elders — and every one of them declines to answer it.
  • The yaksha's questions — Four brothers drink before answering and fall beside the lake, and the fifth is asked what a man must be before he may drink
  • Abhimanyu inside the wheel — A boy who knows how to break into a formation and not how to break out of it is sent in first, and the gap closes behind him

Embodies

  • The impossible choice — Not good against evil, but duty against duty — every open course breaks an obligation the chooser also owes.
  • Dice and dispossession — A kingdom, a wife and a man's own self staked on a rigged game — and an assembly that let the wager stand.

Questions to explore

  • Why can a king renowned for dharma not simply decline a game he knows is rigged?
  • Does the epic treat the dice game as Yudhishthira's failure, or as the failure of a code that gave him no way out?
  • What does it mean that the most righteous brother is the one who loses everything?

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